Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site

Overlooking the tranquil waters of the Missaguash River, Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site stands as a testament to the rich and contested history of Canada's Atlantic region. This 18th-century fortress, strategically situated on the border between New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, played a pivotal role in the struggle for control of Acadia, a fiercely contested territory between the French and British empires. Established in 1751 by the French, Fort Beauséjour served as a military stronghold and a symbol of French authority in the region. However, its strategic significance soon caught the attention of the British, who saw it as a key to securing their hold on North America. In 1755, British forces launched a siege against the fort, eventually capturing it and renaming it Fort Cumberland. This pivotal event marked a turning point in the Seven Years' War and had a profound impact on the fate of Acadia and its people. Today, Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site stands as a living testament to this tumultuous period, inviting visitors to explore its storied past and immerse themselves in the vibrant history of Canada's Atlantic provinces.

Location

The Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site is strategically situated at the confluence of the Missaguash and Aulac rivers in Aulac, New Brunswick. Its proximity to the Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 2) makes it easily accessible for visitors traveling by car. The site is approximately 50 kilometers (31 miles) southeast of Moncton, the largest city in New Brunswick, offering convenient access for day trips and extended stays.

Driving Directions:

From Moncton: Take Highway 2 east for approximately 50 kilometers (31 miles). Exit at Exit 58 for Aulac and follow the signs for the fort.
From Halifax, Nova Scotia: Take Highway 104 east to Truro, Nova Scotia. From Truro, take Highway 2 east to Aulac, New Brunswick. Exit at Exit 58 and follow the signs for the fort.
From Saint John, New Brunswick: Take Highway 1 west to Sussex, New Brunswick. From Sussex, take Highway 114 east to Moncton. From Moncton, follow the directions above to reach the fort.

History and Significance

Fort Beauséjour was constructed in 1751 by the French to protect their interests in the region. The fort was a strategic location during the French and Indian War (1754-1763), as it controlled access to the Chignecto Isthmus, a vital land connection between Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. In 1755, the British launched an attack on the fort, but the French successfully defended it. However, in 1758, the British returned with a larger force and captured the fort, renaming it Fort Cumberland.

The capture of Fort Beauséjour marked a turning point in the war, as it gave the British control of the Chignecto Isthmus and opened the way for their eventual conquest of New France. The fort remained in British hands until the end of the war, when it was returned to the French. However, the British regained control of the fort in 1763, following the signing of the Treaty of Paris, which ended the war.

Fort Cumberland played an important role in the American Revolution (1775-1783), as it was used by the British as a base of operations for their campaigns against the American colonies. The fort was also attacked by American raiders on several occasions, but the British were able to repel these attacks.

After the American Revolution, Fort Cumberland was used as a British military post until 1869, when it was abandoned. The fort was then left to fall into ruin, and it was not until the 1920s that efforts were made to restore it. In 1935, the fort was designated a National Historic Site of Canada, and in 1966, it was opened to the public as a museum.

Guided Tours

Unravel the captivating history of Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site through guided tours led by knowledgeable and passionate interpreters. Immerse yourself in the tales of military conflicts, cultural exchanges, and the lives of those who shaped this iconic landmark.

Tours are available daily during the summer season and on weekends in the spring and fall. Reservations are recommended to secure your spot and avoid disappointment. Check the official website or inquire at the visitor center for tour schedules, pricing, and availability.

During the tour, you'll embark on a journey through time, exploring the fort's well-preserved ramparts, barracks, and powder magazine. Stand where soldiers once stood, guarding the frontiers of New France and British North America. Learn about the strategic significance of the fort and its role in shaping the destiny of Canada.

Guides bring the fort's history to life with engaging storytelling and anecdotes, painting a vivid picture of the past. They'll share fascinating details about the fort's construction, the battles that took place, and the diverse people who called it home.

Whether you're a history buff, a casual visitor, or a family seeking an educational adventure, the guided tours at Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site promise an unforgettable and immersive experience.

Exhibits and Displays

The Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site is home to a wealth of exhibits and displays that bring its history to life. Inside the visitor center, visitors can immerse themselves in the fort's story through interactive presentations, artifacts, and documents. These exhibits explore the construction of the fort, its role in the struggle for control of Acadia, and the lives of the people who lived and worked here.

The fort's grounds are also dotted with historical markers and interpretive panels that provide additional context and information about specific areas of the site. These markers highlight the fort's military architecture, the daily lives of the soldiers and civilians who occupied it, and the broader historical events that shaped its significance.

Taken together, the exhibits and displays at Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site offer a comprehensive and engaging exploration of the fort's past, allowing visitors to connect with the people and events that shaped this important chapter in Canadian history.

Reenactments and Living History Demonstrations

The Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site offers visitors a unique opportunity to step back in time and experience the fort's rich history through reenactments and living history demonstrations. During the summer months, costumed interpreters bring the fort's past to life, demonstrating various aspects of 18th-century military life. Visitors can witness musket firing demonstrations, learn about the daily lives of soldiers and civilians, and even participate in hands-on activities like candle making and musket loading. These interactive experiences provide a deeper understanding of the fort's significance and the lives of those who lived and worked there.

Seasonal Events and Programs

The Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site comes alive with a variety of seasonal events and programs that immerse visitors in the rich history and culture of the region. Throughout the year, the site hosts special events, workshops, and educational programs that offer unique and engaging experiences.

One of the highlights is the annual Siege of Fort Beauséjour Reenactment, which takes place in August. This spectacular event brings the fort's history to life as reenactors don period costumes, fire muskets, and engage in mock battles, providing a glimpse into the military conflicts that shaped the site's past.

For those interested in exploring the site's natural surroundings, guided nature walks and birdwatching programs are offered during the warmer months. These programs provide an opportunity to learn about the diverse flora and fauna that inhabit the site's grounds, including its many species of birds.

Families with children can enjoy interactive and educational programs designed to engage young minds with the history of the fort. These programs may include hands-on activities, storytelling sessions, and guided tours tailored to younger visitors.

During the holiday season, the fort transforms into a magical winter wonderland, hosting special events like Christmas markets, festive concerts, and holiday-themed guided tours. These events offer a unique and memorable way to experience the fort's charm during the winter months.

Whether you're a history buff, nature enthusiast, or simply looking for a fun and educational day out, the Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site has something to offer for everyone. Be sure to check the website or contact the visitor center for information on upcoming events and programs during your visit.

Visitor Center and Amenities

The Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site features a comprehensive visitor center that serves as a starting point for your journey through history. The center houses a wealth of information, including interactive exhibits and displays that provide an overview of the site's significance and its role in shaping Canadian history.

Before embarking on your exploration, be sure to stop by the gift shop to browse a selection of souvenirs, books, and historical artifacts. You'll find unique items that commemorate your visit and make thoughtful gifts for history buffs back home.

For those seeking a bite to eat or a refreshing drink, the visitor center also features a cozy café that offers a range of snacks, beverages, and light meals. Enjoy a picnic lunch on the scenic grounds or savor a warm beverage while immersing yourself in the site's captivating history.

Restrooms are conveniently located within the visitor center, ensuring that you can comfortably explore the site without interruption.

Outdoor Activities:

Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site offers a range of outdoor activities that allow visitors to immerse themselves in the site's natural surroundings and appreciate its historical significance. Explore the well-maintained trails that wind through the site, providing opportunities for leisurely strolls or invigorating hikes. Take advantage of the scenic views and capture breathtaking photographs of the fort and the surrounding landscapes. Pack a picnic basket and find a tranquil spot to enjoy a meal outdoors, surrounded by the serene beauty of the site. Whether you prefer a leisurely walk, an adventurous hike, or a relaxing picnic, Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site offers a variety of outdoor experiences that complement its historical charm.

Photography Opportunities:

Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site offers ample opportunities for capturing stunning photographs that will preserve your memories and share the site's beauty with others. With its well-preserved fortifications, scenic landscapes, and historical reenactments, the fort provides a picturesque backdrop for photography enthusiasts.

To make the most of your photography experience, consider the following tips:

Golden Hour Magic: Plan your visit during the golden hours, around sunrise or sunset, when the warm, diffused light creates a magical glow, enhancing the colors and textures of the fort.
High Vantage Points: Take advantage of the elevated vantage points within the fort to capture panoramic shots of the surrounding landscapes, including the Petitcodiac River and the verdant Acadian countryside.
Capture the Reenactments: If you visit during an event featuring historical reenactments, don't miss the chance to photograph the costumed participants and their interactions, adding a touch of living history to your images.
Details and Textures: Focus on the intricate details of the fort's architecture, such as the stone walls, wooden palisades, and gun embrasures. These details add depth and character to your photographs.
Panoramic Views: Experiment with panoramic shots to capture the fort's grandeur and its relationship to the surrounding landscape. Use a tripod for stability and stitch the images together later for a breathtaking panorama.

Accessibility: Ensured for All Visitors

The Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site is committed to providing an inclusive and accessible experience for all visitors. Wheelchair-accessible trails and ramps have been strategically placed throughout the site to ensure that everyone can explore the grounds and exhibits without barriers. Visitors with disabilities can also request assistance from the friendly and knowledgeable staff, who are always ready to help make their visit as enjoyable and memorable as possible. By prioritizing accessibility, the site ensures that everyone has the opportunity to delve into the rich history and heritage showcased within its walls.

Educational Resources:

Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site offers a wealth of educational resources that help visitors delve deeper into the site's history and significance. These resources include:

Interactive Exhibits: The visitor center features interactive exhibits that bring the fort's story to life, making learning fun and engaging for visitors of all ages.
Guided Tours for Students: Guided tours tailored specifically for school groups are available upon request. These tours provide students with an immersive and educational experience, allowing them to explore the fort's grounds, learn about its military history, and engage with costumed interpreters.
Educational Programs: The site hosts educational programs throughout the year, including workshops, lectures, and hands-on activities. These programs are designed to enhance the understanding of Canadian history and heritage, particularly the role of Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland in shaping the nation's past.
Online Resources: The site's official website offers a range of online resources, including lesson plans, primary source documents, and historical articles. These resources are valuable tools for educators and students alike, providing additional context and insights into the fort's history.

Nearby Attractions

Discover More History and Culture in the Region

While exploring Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site, take the opportunity to delve deeper into the rich history and culture of the region. Just a short drive away, you can visit other captivating historical sites and museums that offer unique perspectives on Canada's past.

Fort Gaspareaux: Located in Port Elgin, this 18th-century fort played a crucial role in defending the region during the American Revolutionary War. Explore its well-preserved ramparts, immerse yourself in interactive exhibits, and witness living history demonstrations that bring the fort's past to life.

Beaubassin Farmstead: Step back in time at this meticulously reconstructed 18th-century Acadian farmstead, located in nearby Aulac. Experience daily life as it was for the original settlers, learn about their unique culture and traditions, and savor the flavors of traditional Acadian cuisine.

Sackville Waterfowl Park: For nature enthusiasts, a visit to Sackville Waterfowl Park is a must. This 100-acre park is home to a diverse array of waterfowl, including ducks, geese, and swans, as well as a variety of other wildlife. Stroll along the scenic trails, observe the birds in their natural habitat, and capture stunning photographs of these magnificent creatures.

Magnetic Hill Zoo: Located in Moncton, Magnetic Hill Zoo is a delightful attraction for families and animal lovers alike. Encounter over 600 animals from around the world, including lions, tigers, bears, primates, and reptiles. Engage in interactive exhibits, learn about conservation efforts, and enjoy a fun-filled day exploring the wonders of the animal kingdom.

Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site