Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump (nearby UNESCO World Heritage Site)
- Atop the Prairies
- Bones and Stories
- A Journey Through Time
- Into the Buffalo Pound
- The Museum
- Walks and Vistas
- Buffalo Backstage
- Kids and Culture
- Getting There
- Where to Stay
- Where to Eat
- Beyond the Buffalo Jump
- Practical Tips
- Insider Tip:
Atop the Prairies
The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump is a remarkable historical site and UNESCO World Heritage Site located in the rolling grasslands of southern Alberta, Canada. This awe-inspiring natural amphitheater, situated approximately 18 kilometers northwest of Fort Macleod, bears witness to the ancient hunting practices of the Blackfoot Confederacy, who relied on the abundant buffalo herds that once roamed the North American plains. Its name, Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump, aptly captures the essence of this site, where thousands of buffalo were strategically driven over the precipice, providing sustenance and essential resources for the Blackfoot people.
The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump encompasses an impressive 364 hectares of land, including the dramatic cliffs that rise over 11 meters above the valley floor. This vast expanse, which has been meticulously preserved and protected, offers visitors a glimpse into the lives and traditions of the Blackfoot Confederacy, who skillfully utilized this site for over 5,500 years. Prepare to be captivated as you explore this iconic landmark, where history, culture, and nature converge to create a truly unforgettable experience.
Bones and Stories
The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump was a hunting site used by the Blackfoot Confederacy for over 5,500 years. It was strategically situated on a steep cliff overlooking the Oldman River Valley, allowing the Blackfoot to stampede buffalo over the cliffs and into the valley below. The animals would then be butchered and processed for food, clothing, and shelter.
The Blackfoot were skilled hunters who developed a sophisticated system for hunting buffalo. They would use scouts to locate herds of buffalo and then use sign language to communicate with each other and coordinate the hunt. Once the buffalo were in position, the Blackfoot would drive them towards the cliffs using horses and dogs. The animals would then be stampeded over the edge and fall to their deaths in the valley below.
The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump is a significant archaeological site that provides a glimpse into the lives of the Blackfoot people. The site has been extensively excavated, and the remains of over 200,000 buffalo have been found. In addition, numerous artifacts have been discovered, including arrowheads, spear points, and scrapers.
The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump is a testament to the ingenuity and skill of the Blackfoot people. It is a reminder of their close connection to the land and their reliance on the buffalo for survival.
A Journey Through Time
The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump is a site of immense significance, both historically and culturally. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognized for its outstanding universal value. The buffalo jump bears witness to the ingenuity and resourcefulness of the Blackfoot Confederacy, who relied on the buffalo for their survival.
The Blackfoot Confederacy, comprising the Siksika, Kainai, and Piikani nations, inhabited the vast expanse of the Great Plains for centuries. The buffalo was central to their way of life, providing them with food, clothing, shelter, and tools. The buffalo jump was a strategic hunting method that allowed the Blackfoot to harvest large numbers of buffalo in a single event.
Today, the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump offers visitors a unique opportunity to learn about the history and culture of the Blackfoot Confederacy. Through interactive exhibits, guided tours, and hands-on experiences, visitors can gain insight into the lives of the Plains People and their intricate relationship with the buffalo.
The Interpretive Centre, situated at the base of the cliffs, houses a wealth of information about the buffalo jump and its significance. Visitors can explore exhibits that showcase the history of the Blackfoot Confederacy, the techniques they used for hunting buffalo, and the importance of the buffalo in their culture. The centre also features a theatre that screens a film about the buffalo jump and its role in Blackfoot history.
Into the Buffalo Pound
The Buffalo Pound
The Buffalo Pound is a massive, manmade structure built by the Blackfoot Confederacy over 2,000 years ago. It is a series of corrals and fences designed to channel buffalo herds towards a cliff, where they would be killed and processed. The Buffalo Pound is a testament to the ingenuity and hunting prowess of the Blackfoot people.
How was the Buffalo Pound built?
The Buffalo Pound was built using a variety of materials, including rocks, logs, and brush. The corrals and fences were constructed in a way that would funnel the buffalo towards the cliff. The cliff itself is a natural feature that was used to the Blackfoot's advantage.
What is the purpose of the Buffalo Pound?
The Buffalo Pound was used by the Blackfoot Confederacy to hunt buffalo. Buffalo were an important source of food, clothing, and shelter for the Blackfoot people. The Buffalo Pound allowed them to hunt buffalo in large numbers, which was essential for their survival.
What is the experience of visiting the Buffalo Pound like?
Visitors to the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump can visit the Buffalo Pound and learn about its history and construction. There are interpretive signs and displays that explain how the Buffalo Pound was built and used. Visitors can also walk through the Buffalo Pound and get a sense of its size and scale.
The Museum
The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump Interpretive Centre is a world-class museum that tells the story of the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump and the Blackfoot Confederacy. The museum features a variety of exhibits, programs, and activities that bring the history and culture of the Blackfoot people to life.
The exhibits at the Interpretive Centre are both informative and engaging. Visitors can learn about the history of the buffalo jump, the Blackfoot people, and the importance of the buffalo to the Blackfoot way of life. The exhibits also feature a variety of artifacts, including tools, weapons, and clothing that were used by the Blackfoot people.
In addition to the exhibits, the Interpretive Centre also offers a variety of programs and activities for visitors of all ages. These programs and activities include guided tours, demonstrations, and workshops. Visitors can also learn about Blackfoot culture through storytelling, music, and dance.
The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump Interpretive Centre is a must-visit for anyone who wants to learn more about the history and culture of the Blackfoot people. The museum is a great place to spend a day exploring the past and learning about the present.
Walks and Vistas
The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump offers a variety of hiking trails that wind through the picturesque coulees and grasslands that surround the site. These trails offer stunning views of the surrounding landscape, as well as the opportunity to spot wildlife such as deer, antelope, and birds of prey.
One of the most popular trails is the Interpretive Trail, a 5-kilometer loop that leads visitors through the various historical and cultural exhibits that are scattered throughout the site. Along the way, visitors can learn about the history of the Blackfoot Confederacy, the buffalo hunt, and the significance of the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump.
For those looking for a more challenging hike, the Upper Trail offers a steep climb to the top of the cliffs that overlook the buffalo jump. From here, visitors can enjoy breathtaking views of the surrounding countryside.
No matter which trail you choose, be sure to wear comfortable shoes and bring plenty of water, as there is little shade on the trails.
Here are some tips for hiking at the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump:
- Be aware of the weather. The weather can change quickly on the prairies, so be sure to check the forecast before you head out.
- Wear appropriate clothing. Dress in layers so that you can adjust to changing temperatures.
- Bring plenty of water. There is no water available on the trails, so be sure to bring enough to stay hydrated.
- Be respectful of the wildlife. The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump is home to a variety of wildlife, so be sure to keep your distance and avoid disturbing them.
- Stay on the trails. The trails at the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump are well-marked, so be sure to stay on them to avoid damaging the natural environment.
Buffalo Backstage
The Backstage Tour offers visitors a unique opportunity to go behind the scenes and learn about the work that goes on at the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump. Led by an experienced guide, the tour takes visitors through the museum's collection of artifacts, including the bones of buffalo and other animals, as well as tools and weapons used by the Blackfoot people. Visitors will also learn about the archaeological research that has been conducted at the site and the ongoing efforts to preserve and protect it.
The Backstage Tour is a one-of-a-kind experience that gives visitors a deeper understanding of the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump and its significance. It is a must-do for anyone who is interested in learning more about the history and culture of the Blackfoot people.
The Backstage Tour lasts for approximately one hour and is offered daily during the summer months. Visitors can book a tour in advance or on the day of their visit. The tour is suitable for all ages, but children under the age of 12 must be accompanied by an adult.
Kids and Culture
The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump is a great place for families to learn about Blackfoot culture and history. The Interpretive Centre offers a variety of educational programs and activities designed for children of all ages. Kids can learn about the Blackfoot way of life, the importance of the buffalo, and the history of the buffalo jump. They can also participate in hands-on activities such as making traditional crafts, playing games, and dressing up in Blackfoot clothing.
The Backstage Tour is another great way for families to learn about the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump. On this tour, visitors get to go behind the scenes and see the archaeological excavations, the bison processing area, and the cliff where the buffalo were driven over. The tour guide will explain the history of the site and answer any questions that visitors may have.
Visiting the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump with children is a great way to learn about Blackfoot culture and history in a fun and engaging way. The site offers a variety of activities and programs that are sure to keep kids entertained and interested.
Here are some tips for making the most of your visit with children:
- Plan your visit ahead of time. Check the Interpretive Centre website to see what programs and activities are offered during your visit.
- Arrive early. This will give you plenty of time to explore the site before the crowds arrive.
- Bring snacks and drinks. There is a small cafe at the Interpretive Centre, but it is always a good idea to bring your own snacks and drinks, especially if you have children.
- Dress for the weather. The weather can change quickly at the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump, so be sure to dress in layers.
- Be patient. Kids may need time to adjust to the site and the activities. Be patient and let them explore at their own pace.
- Have fun! The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump is a great place to learn and have fun. Relax and enjoy your time with your family.
Getting There
The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump is located in southwestern Alberta, near the city of Lethbridge. It is approximately 18 kilometers (11 miles) west of the city, on Highway
To get to the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump from Lethbridge, take Highway 2 west for about 15 kilometers (9 miles). Turn left (south) onto Township Road 92, and follow it for about 3 kilometers (2 miles) to the park entrance.
The drive from Lethbridge to the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump takes about 20 minutes.
There is no public transportation to the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump. If you do not have a car, you can rent one from Lethbridge.
Once you are at the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump, there is a large parking lot where you can park your car.
The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump is open year-round, but the hours of operation vary depending on the season. In the summer, the park is open from 9:00 am to 7:00 pm. In the winter, the park is open from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm.
Admission to the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump is free.
Where to Stay
There are a variety of accommodation options available near the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump, ranging from budget-friendly motels to luxurious resorts. In Lethbridge, located just a short drive away, you'll find a wide selection of hotels to suit every taste and budget.
The Lethbridge Lodge is a popular choice for travelers seeking a comfortable and convenient stay. With its spacious rooms, modern amenities, and friendly staff, it offers a relaxing and enjoyable experience. The hotel also features an indoor pool, fitness center, and restaurant, ensuring a comfortable and convenient stay for guests.
For those looking for a more unique and immersive experience, the Galt Museum & Archives is a must-visit. This historic hotel, built in 1909, offers guests a chance to step back in time and experience the rich history of the region. The hotel features beautifully appointed rooms, each with its own unique charm and character.
No matter your budget or preferences, you're sure to find the perfect place to stay near the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump. The friendly locals and welcoming atmosphere will make you feel right at home.
Where to Eat
There are a variety of dining options available near the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump. For a quick and easy meal, there is a concession stand at the visitor center that offers a variety of snacks and beverages. For a more substantial meal, there are several restaurants located in the nearby town of Fort Macleod. Some popular choices include the Fort Macleod Hotel, which serves up classic Canadian fare, and the Buffalo Stop, which specializes in bison dishes.
In Lethbridge, there is a wide range of restaurants to choose from, offering everything from casual dining to fine dining. Some popular options include the Owl Acoustic Lounge, which offers live music and a creative menu, and the Italian Star Deli, which is known for its delicious pasta dishes. No matter what your taste or budget, you're sure to find something to your liking in Lethbridge.
The dining experience in Lethbridge is relaxed and friendly. Many restaurants have outdoor patios, so you can enjoy your meal while taking in the beautiful scenery. The city is also home to a number of breweries and wineries, so you can sample some of the local libations while you're here.
Beyond the Buffalo Jump
The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump is a unique and fascinating destination, but there are many other attractions in the surrounding area that are worth exploring. Just a short drive away, visitors can visit the Fort Whoop-Up National Historic Site, which offers a glimpse into the fur trade era and the lives of the Blackfoot people. For those interested in art and culture, the Southern Alberta Art Gallery in Lethbridge features a diverse collection of contemporary and historical artwork. Nature enthusiasts can explore the St. Mary River Irrigation District, which offers scenic walking and biking trails along the river. And for a truly unique experience, visitors can take a guided tour of the Lethbridge Viaduct, a historic railway bridge that spans the Oldman River. If you want to extend your trip and explore other UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Canada, be sure to visit Gros Morne National Park in Newfoundland, Kluane-Wrangell-St. Elias National Park in Yukon, and Nahanni National Park Reserve in the Northwest Territories. Each of these sites offers its own unique and unforgettable experience, and they are all well worth a visit.
Practical Tips
What should visitors wear and bring?
Dress in layers, as the weather can change quickly on the Prairies. Bring sturdy shoes for walking on uneven terrain, and a hat and sunscreen to protect yourself from the sun. In the winter, be sure to dress warmly, as temperatures can drop below freezing. Carry water and snacks, as there are no food or beverage services available at the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump.
What is the weather like at the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump?
The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump experiences a continental climate, with hot summers and cold winters. Summer temperatures can reach up to 30 degrees Celsius, while winter temperatures can drop to -30 degrees Celsius. The area is also prone to strong winds, so be prepared for changing weather conditions.
What are the accessibility features of the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump?
The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump is wheelchair accessible, with paved trails leading to the interpretive centre and viewing platforms. There are also accessible washrooms available.
What are some tips for making the most of your visit?
- Plan your visit ahead of time. Check the website for hours of operation and special events.
- Arrive early or late in the day. This will help you avoid the crowds and enjoy a more peaceful experience.
- Take your time. There is a lot to see and do at the Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump, so don't rush your visit.
- Bring your camera. You'll want to capture the stunning views and wildlife.
- Be respectful of the site. The Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump is a sacred place for the Blackfoot people, so be mindful of your behaviour.
Insider Tip:
Experience the Thrill of the Hunt on a Buffalo Hunt Simulation Tour:
Step into the shoes of a Blackfoot hunter and embark on a thrilling adventure with the Buffalo Hunt Simulation Tour. This immersive experience takes you back in time, allowing you to witness the ancient hunting practices of the Blackfoot people. Learn about their remarkable skills and strategies as you participate in a simulated buffalo hunt using traditional weapons. Feel the adrenaline rush as you track and pursue the mighty buffalo, and discover the significance of this practice in shaping the lives and culture of the Blackfoot Confederacy.
